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KimB1 (Florida)
Posts: 81
Posted:
CPA's - Treasurers please help! Questionable Accounting Transactions have me puzzled.

I recently discovered that AFTER financials werer published to homeowners in 2007 and 2008 our former Treasurer recorded journal entries called "Prior Year Carry Over" to move income from one year to the next for an amount equal to the ending cash balances in our operating account.

The following journal entries were recorded:

2007 DR Carryover Expense to 2008 $ 28,125
Cr Retained Earnings $ 28,125
------------------------------------------------------------
2008 Dr Retained Earnings $ 28,125
Cr Prior Year Carryforward Income $ 28,125
2008 Dr Carryover Expense to 2009 $ 28,864
Cr Retained Earnings $ 28,864

These entries do not make sense, do not appear to be GAAP or even necessary! There was no additional income earned or money expended or any form of cash changing hands in either direction. When he was asked why this type of entry - his response was "I checked with my CPA friend and he said it was OK".

Facts: Financial Statements are published to homeowners during the 1st quarter following year-end.

In 2007 homeowners received an income statement report from our accounting database that stated a profit in 2007 was $1,032. Recently produced reports from the same database now show a loss of $27,093

In 2008 homeowners received an income statement report (compiled and put into excel) that stated there was a profit of $27,282. Strange that excel was used since we have QuickBooks Pro. Recently produced reports now show a loss of $607.

The published financial statements have always excluded the above entries. Hmmm - someone seems to be cooking something good! Can anyone explain the justification for this type of entry? I have accounted for billion dollar corps and banks and this HOA accounting is not adding up in my mind. Is this considered deceptive and improper accounting?

I need help from the outside to comment whether I am off-base with my suspicions. Since our dues are low with small increases over the years I get no support from homeowners.

Your confirmation and advice is appreciated.
RogerB (Colorado)
Posts: 5,067
Posted:
Kim, I agree with you and this is improper accounting. Earnings and expenses should not be carried forward; the books should be closed after the end of fiscal each year.
MaryA1 (Arizona)
Posts: 7,043
Posted:
Kim,

As Roger said, these entries were made incorrectly. IMO, reversing entries shuold be made to delete these entries to clear the income and expense accounts of prior years transactions and to correct the retained earnings balance. BTW, I've never heard of accounts titled "carryforward expense" and "carryforward income"! The proper closing entries would be to

1)DR all Income Accounts and CR Income Summary Account,
2)DR Income Summary Account and CR all Expense Accounts, and
3)DR balance shown in Income Summary Account and CR Retained Earnings

It may be a good idea to contact a CPA to look at these transactions and make the proper adjustments to ensure that going forward into 2010 your retained earnings show the correct balance and there are no carryovers in the income and expense accounts. I find it very hard to believe that a CPA would have advised the former treasurer to do this.
KimB1 (Florida)
Posts: 81
Posted:
The bogus entries I mentioned should never have been recorded in the 1st place and need to be reversed completely, from all prior periods. Since we have an automated accounting system your 1-3 is done automatically by QuickBooks. But you are correct if you are manually tracking expenses the old fashioned way.

CPA is too expensive. I'm experienced and qualified to know the difference between right and wrong. Thanks for your response.
DanielH1 (California)
Posts: 482
Posted:
It occurs to me that the Treasurer has confused the IRS NOL (Net Operating Loss) carryover/carry-back/carry-forward rules and thinks that this needs to be entered as a bogus transaction into QuickBooks.
DanielH1 (California)
Posts: 482
Posted:
The Treasurer probably misinterpreted the CPA. I can imagine this happening: the Treasurer asks a question, the CPA answers but the Treasurer misunderstands and mis-applies the answer.
KimB1 (Florida)
Posts: 81
Posted:
It's only fair to give him the benefit of the doubt. But I am being gracious because he has kept the books for 15 years as a "volunteer".

I expect correct and accurate financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP. If we have delinquencies there should be a receiveable, if we have prepaid assessments the amount should be deferred on the balance sheet.

When you have QuickBooks accounting software there is no need for a manual compilation - unless you are trying to hide something!

There compilation also did not mention "this compiled report is a representation of management...". Just a rubber stamp with the name of a CPA firm. It looks like someone typed it with one of the ancient typewriters since there were transposition errors and subtotal errors.

Bottom line - our disclosed/compiled financial results differ and reflect more favorable results than our official database by atleast $30K the past 2 years. THEY NEED TO BE THE SAME!
GlenL (Ohio)
Posts: 5,491
Posted:
Has there been no audit in the past 15 years? Do your CC&R’s require one and where does your HOA fall in these requirements?

720.303 Association powers and duties; meetings of board; official records; budgets; financial reporting; association funds; recalls.

(7) FINANCIAL REPORTING.--Within 90 days after the end of the fiscal year, or annually on the date provided in the bylaws, the association shall prepare and complete, or contract with a third party for the preparation and completion of, a financial report for the preceding fiscal year. Within 21 days after the final financial report is completed by the association or received from the third party, but not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year or other date as provided in the bylaws, the association shall, within the time limits set forth in subsection (5), provide each member with a copy of the annual financial report or a written notice that a copy of the financial report is available upon request at no charge to the member. Financial reports shall be prepared as follows:

(a) An association that meets the criteria of this paragraph shall prepare or cause to be prepared a complete set of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as adopted by the Board of Accountancy. The financial statements shall be based upon the association's total annual revenues, as follows:

1. An association with total annual revenues of $100,000 or more, but less than $200,000, shall prepare compiled financial statements.

2. An association with total annual revenues of at least $200,000, but less than $400,000, shall prepare reviewed financial statements.

3. An association with total annual revenues of $400,000 or more shall prepare audited financial statements.

(b)1. An association with total annual revenues of less than $100,000 shall prepare a report of cash receipts and expenditures.

2. An association in a community of fewer than 50 parcels, regardless of the association's annual revenues, may prepare a report of cash receipts and expenditures in lieu of financial statements required by paragraph (a) unless the governing documents provide otherwise.

3. A report of cash receipts and disbursement must disclose the amount of receipts by accounts and receipt classifications and the amount of expenses by accounts and expense classifications, including, but not limited to, the following, as applicable: costs for security, professional, and management fees and expenses; taxes; costs for recreation facilities; expenses for refuse collection and utility services; expenses for lawn care; costs for building maintenance and repair; insurance costs; administration and salary expenses; and reserves if maintained by the association.

(c) If 20 percent of the parcel owners petition the board for a level of financial reporting higher than that required by this section, the association shall duly notice and hold a meeting of members within 30 days of receipt of the petition for the purpose of voting on raising the level of reporting for that fiscal year. Upon approval of a majority of the total voting interests of the parcel owners, the association shall prepare or cause to be prepared, shall amend the budget or adopt a special assessment to pay for the financial report regardless of any provision to the contrary in the governing documents, and shall provide within 90 days of the meeting or the end of the fiscal year, whichever occurs later:

1. Compiled, reviewed, or audited financial statements, if the association is otherwise required to prepare a report of cash receipts and expenditures;

2. Reviewed or audited financial statements, if the association is otherwise required to prepare compiled financial statements; or

3. Audited financial statements if the association is otherwise required to prepare reviewed financial statements.

(d) If approved by a majority of the voting interests present at a properly called meeting of the association, an association may prepare or cause to be prepared:

1. A report of cash receipts and expenditures in lieu of a compiled, reviewed, or audited financial statement;

2. A report of cash receipts and expenditures or a compiled financial statement in lieu of a reviewed or audited financial statement; or

3. A report of cash receipts and expenditures, a compiled financial statement, or a reviewed financial statement in lieu of an audited financial statement.

Studies show that 5 out of 4 people have problems with fractions
KimB1 (Florida)
Posts: 81
Posted:
Our CCR's point to FS 720 therefore we are required to perform a review ($262K annual income). But the owners (mostly former board members and their spouses) attended the meeting that resulted in a vote to lower the standard to a compilation. I can't control the masses, but I have a right to review data and information if formally requested. Atleast someone is watching! Which I hope keeps the hands out of the cookie jar.

I performed a self review a few years ago, and I will do it again if provided with the data as an unpaid volunteer, with or without board support. The new board said they would review the prior year so I need to give them time to follow through and actually review financial details before issuing financial reports.

I fully understand HOA accounting and I know right from wrong! QuickBooks does a great job - its been used for years.

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