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ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
In April of 2023, teen Ralph Yarl rang a doorbell by mistake (looking for his siblings) and was shot by the resident. Mr. Yarl survived but suffered severe injuries. The home in question is in a subdivision of single family homes with a HOA. Yarl through his attorney has named the homeowner and the HOA as defendants.

The lawsuit alleges that the HOA failed to communicate regulations on discharging firearms within the neighborhood and that the association failed to render aid to Yarl after he was shot.
SheliaH (Indiana)
Posts: 6,964
Posted:
Well, I have no issue at all with the shooter being sued out of existence and the residents who didn't at least call 911 when Yari ran for help (BLEEDING, mind you). As for the rest of the HOA, we'll have to see. I saw some reports saying there had been reports on this guy threatening peopke with guns before this, but that may or may not be the case.

It does bring up the larger issue of what HOAs should be expected to do when you have residents with a history of threatening behavior. On this website, many of us have said you can't expect the HOA board meir or property manager to do the job of the police, but if you have a situation where the behavior is interfering with one's ability and right to enjoy his/her home in peace, then what? What if the board has been made aware of the problem several times and fail to do nothing because they feel somee kind of way about the complainant?

Don't know how many responses this conversation will get, but they shoukd be interesting

If it is not right do not do it; if it is not true do not say it. Marcus Aurelius
MelissaP1 (Alabama)
Posts: 13,836
Posted:
Of course going to drag the HOA into it. People think it has big pockets.

Former HOA President
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By SheliaH on 04/30/2024 12:41 PM
Well, I have no issue at all with the shooter being sued out of existence and the residents who didn't at least call 911 when Yari ran for help (BLEEDING, mind you).
The resident (Andrew Lester) who shot this poor kid (Ralph Yarl) is toast. I hope Lester has insurance to help compensate Ralph Yarl and then some.

I do not believe other residents were sued.
Quote:
Posted By SheliaH on 04/30/2024 12:41 PM
As for the rest of the HOA, we'll have to see. I saw some reports saying there had been reports on this guy threatening peopke with guns before this, but that may or may not be the case.
This was what I sought in the news reports: Some sign that Lester was known to have a gun and maybe brandished it from time to time, with people reporting this to the HOA?

I am surprised the HOA insurer was not able to get a settlement. Or does the HOA not have insurance, and young Yarl's attorneys are going after the whole neighborhood?

Either way, deep pockets are involved. Hence it is hard to say to what extent the charges against the HOA have merit.
LetA (Nevada)
Posts: 2,679
Posted:
The sad part about it is that the Plaintiffs attorney and the judge assigned to the case aren't sanctioned
for allowing such foolery. The lawyer needs to be disciplined for bringing a frivolous lawsuit against a
defendant that had absolutely no involvement in the action. The Judge should've immediately dismissed the HOA
with prejudice and ordered the plaintiffs attorney to cover all legal expenses and the increase to the HOA's
D&O insurance premium hike.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By LetA on 04/30/2024 1:41 PM
The sad part about it is that the Plaintiffs attorney and the judge assigned to the case aren't sanctioned for allowing such foolery.
I think the foolery is you posting without having all the facts nor reflecting on the possible legal theories here.

I can think of at least one valid legal theory to justify suing the HOA. With the right facts, I can see Yarl (through his attorney) prevailing.

Not that anything can undo the horror done to this teen.
JohnC46 (South Carolina)
Posts: 14,265
Posted:
A good (if there is such a thing) lawyer will list everyone and everything remotely related to a case. The more crap you throw against the wall, the more crap that sticks.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Excerpts from the lawsuit filing:

Facts Common To All Counts

On information and belief, Defendant [HOA] had policies, practices, and/or customs that prohibited Defendant, Andrew Lester, from shooting Plaintiff [Yarl].

On information and belief, Defendant [HOA] was aware of or should have been aware of Defendant, Andrew Lester's, propensity for violence, access to dangerous weapons and racial animus.

On information and belief, Defendant [HOA] failed to warn Plaintiff [Yarl] of the known danger posed by Defendant, Andrew Lester.

On information and belief, Defendant [HOA] failed to restrain Defendant, Andrew Lester, from causing harm to Plaintiff [Yarl].
...
Count II

At all relevant times, it was the duty of the Defendant [HOA] to refrain from careless and negligent conduct against others, including Plaintiff [Yarl].

The aforementioned duty included but was not limited to Defendant [HOA's] duty to exercise reasonable care in its instruction, direction, management and/or control regarding the use of a firearm in and on the properties making up the Association or residences.


See attachment for more.

For full lawsuit filing, see https://www.scribd.com/document/727767814/Family-of-Ralph-Yarl-files-civil-lawsuit-against-Andrew-Lester-homeowner-s-association

One thought on the above: Those people who think a phrase in a HOA declaration about promoting the welfare of owners yada justifies HOA support for additional activities (not named expressly in the Declaration) for owners: Beware.
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LetA (Nevada)
Posts: 2,679
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By JohnC46 on 04/30/2024 2:11 PM
A good (if there is such a thing) lawyer will list everyone and everything remotely related to a case. The more crap you throw against the wall, the more crap that sticks.

Of course they do John, I read the complaint, it's 100% bat guano hogwash bull caca. No HOA in the USA is responsible
for the criminal action of another individual. No amount of rules and laws can or will compel an individual to follow said
rules and laws. If this was the case, people would be lined up around the block suing their HOA or other HOAs for every nit pickin thing.
HOA's would go bankrupt and homeowners would lose their homes.

If there wasn't an HOA, just a normal neighborhood. who would the family sue, the neighbors??
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By LetA on 04/30/2024 6:20 PM
No HOA in the USA is responsible for the criminal action of another individual.
?

This is a civil action. The plaintiff is suing Andrew Lester for allegedly harming him. The plaintiff is also suing the HOA for allegedly harming him.

Plaintiffs seek to sue anyone who (1) might reasonably be in the chain of events leading to the harm; and (2) who has deep pockets.

Have HOAs been in the chain of events leading to another's harm, without being the main perpetrator? Of course. Are HOAs sometimes sued as a result? Of course.

To judge the suit against the HOA, I would want to see a lot more facts. Right now, it seems impossible to say anything about the HOA's actions.
DouglasK1 (Florida)
Posts: 2,046
Posted:
Whether the HOA really has any responsibility or not, their insurer might decide to settle rather than fight. This could be what the lawyers are counting on.

Escaped former treasurer and director of a self managed association.
CathyA3 (Ohio)
Posts: 6,299
Posted:
The problem with a number of these lawsuits that try to hold the HOA accountable for acts committed by residents is the fact that the HOA does not control the behavior of residents.

It can have all of the policies in the world.

The board can enforce them to the extent that they are able to (and the board's options will be limited by what the policy says, and what sorts of penalties it can impose, and oh yeah that pesky due process business for residents accused of violating whatever, can't foreclose on them for non-payment of fines in a lot of states oh no sir, residents who misbehave actually have the same rights as everyone else, etc. etc.).

All of he HOA enforcement simply penalizes bad behavior. It doesn't prevent it. Only the bad actor can prevent his actions.

What happens when a resident simply won't comply? Or views fines and other penalties as just the cost of doing business and goes on his merry, misguided way? What in the erfin' heck do they think an HOA can do to prevent something like this from happening?

I'm all in favor of going after the gun owner. But lawsuits punish neighbors who may themselves be at risk of getting shot themselves.

Unfortunately I don't think this lawsuit is frivolous since that word has a specific legal meaning - ie, it refers to a legal move in a lawsuit clearly intended merely to harass, delay or embarrass the opposition. It's common for plaintiffs to sue everyone within spitting distance in hopes that some money will shake loose from some of them, whether or not those persons deserve it. That's not quite the same thing.

Guess that finishes today's rant...
MelissaP1 (Alabama)
Posts: 13,836
Posted:
You can sue for anything at any time. Again they threw the HOA into the mix just as a money grab. Lawyers will do that
We do not know all the details just the surface.

Unfortunately the HOA will have to hire a lawyer on retainer for this case. It is not clear if the victim was a HOA member? Sounds like could be if suing them.

Knowing the criminal side and the corporate side of how this works in court. The HOA will need a lawyer to represent itself in court. That will raise expenses and possible dues for the HOA. It will be an insurance claim for any damages. It puts HOA at risk of losing insurance or higher rates. We will not mention this can effect loans and refinance...

Most likely they are throwing stuff out to see what sticks. The HOA most likely will be dismissed. It just an expensive process to get there ...this is Not just board being sued. It is the entire membership.

Former HOA President
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By CathyA3 on 05/01/2024 6:58 AM
All of he HOA enforcement simply penalizes bad behavior. It doesn't prevent it.
-- In the aggregate of HOA enforcement actions and non-actions, arguably doing something is more likely to prevent bad behavior than doing nothing. On the other hand, when it comes to enforcement and with due process, defamation and other concerns, I agree this is messy. On the third hand, one purpose of these lawsuits is to deter truly negligent/reckless conduct.

-- The "on information and belief" paragraphs do suggest to me at least a bit of a shakedown, as in "Attorneys for plaintiff suspect such-and-such, but we cannot be sure until we put the defendant HOA through a massive and coincidentally, highly expensive, discovery.

-- Right now the question to me is what the board and manager (an agent of the HOA) knew and when did they know it. Maybe they knew nothing about Andrew Lester. Maybe they had harassment-based, fair housing complaints from Black residents and never addressed them? I can see the latter being a problem for the HOA, compelling settlement. The only thing that is clear is this will cost the HOA a lot of money whatever it does at this point, regardless of whether the HOA is at fault. It is the price of doing business?
MelissaP1 (Alabama)
Posts: 13,836
Posted:
This is out of the HOA control and rhealm. I had a member after they passed a live grenade was found during cleanup. The bomb squad was called in.

Now how is it the HOA scope to have weapons rules inside a home? Our HOA is is spelled out we only responsible for lawn are. We just have restrictions on use of common area and appearances.

Unless the HOA this happened on common property with signs or notices about weapons, the HOA or MC just being sued for money grab.

Former HOA President
TerriS6 (California)
Posts: 3,284
Posted:
Gun owners are supposed to know the laws. An HOA has no jurisdiction over guns in homes. You're not supposed to shoot someone outside your home. If they break in, that's another story.
SheliaH (Indiana)
Posts: 6,964
Posted:
I suspect the HOA will either settle or it’ll get dismissed from the case, depending on what’s negotiated or what comes up during discovery, but until we see how this evolves, it may be premature to call this a money grab. Not because they don’t happen (everyone goes for whoever has the deepest pockets), but there ARE instances where a resident refuses to comply with HOA rules and arguments ensure. These days, some of these disagreements can end badly – in fact in 2022, a HOA president and her husband were shot by a neighbor, and she was killed.

(See https://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article269613311.html - you may run into a pay wall)

The president and husband were 81 and the shooter was 75 - what IS it with some older people and guns???? Then again, America has turned into a gigantic gun range, with people buying all sorts of firepower “for protection,” and yet, we can’t seem to stick with an old fashioned cussing out or fistfight where there’s a chance you can get out in one piece. Better a bruised ego than a black eye – and that’s better than walking into a hospital, which is better than being carried to the morgue.
For some reason, I seem to recall another story when someone tried to bust a cap during a board meeting or annual meetings in Kentucky or California (maybe both?) Anyway, back to the subject at hand – there appear to be several articles on guns and HOAs lately – look at a few of these and ponder:

https://vinteum.io/security/qas-about-guns-in-your-hoa/

https://www.sun-sentinel.com/2023/11/01/condo-wars-disputes-explode-into-violence-arson-and-even-murder/ (unfortunately, this one has a paywall)

https://www.mulcahylawfirm.com/can-a-hoa-prohibit-firearms-in-common-areas/

https://www.scag.gov/opinions/opinions-archive/whether-an-hoa-can-prohibit-the-possession-of-firearms-in-common-areas-of-an-hoa/

If it is not right do not do it; if it is not true do not say it. Marcus Aurelius
CathyA3 (Ohio)
Posts: 6,299
Posted:
Re: "on information and belief" -

A lawyer was recently reviewing a legal filing where the plaintiff submitted a long list of "information and belief" claims. Do they not understand, asked the lawyer, that information and belief is not factual information and that you can't "information and belief" your way to a valid cause of action? Belief isn't a substitute for actual information.

I think I remember this same lawyer saying that in Canada, a frivolous lawsuit can be grounds for sanctions and even disbarment. They don't have much appetite for shenanigans up there, at least not this kind.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By CathyA3 on 05/01/2024 9:37 AM
Re: "on information and belief" -

A lawyer was recently reviewing a legal filing where the plaintiff submitted a long list of "information and belief" claims. Do they not understand, asked the lawyer, that information and belief is not factual information and that you can't "information and belief" your way to a valid cause of action?
Sure you can, at least initially. It is a common phrase in initial court filings. On the other hand, as we saw in some of the suits thrown out c. 2020, alleging fraud in the election, there has to be some basis for the allegations. Else yes, I agree the court could sanction the attorneys for frivolity.

Sometimes the plaintiffs do not want to show too much of their hand. It's more productive to get into discovery and see if people can be caught in a lie, for example.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By SheliaH on 05/01/2024 9:30 AM
I suspect the HOA will either settle or it’ll get dismissed from the case, depending on what’s negotiated or what comes up during discovery, but until we see how this evolves, it may be premature to call this a money grab. Not because they don’t happen (everyone goes for whoever has the deepest pockets), but there ARE instances where a resident refuses to comply with HOA rules and arguments ensure.
I agree.

A man routinely brandishing a gun on the outside of his home arguably is a nuisance violating a HOA rule. Was Andrew Lester on people's radar, including the board's? Was Lester on the HOA's radar enough to argue the HOA was negligent in enforcing some covenant? It seems unlikely, but I cannot rule it out.
SheliaH (Indiana)
Posts: 6,964
Posted:
Among other things, I'd like to know

Assuming Lester waved his gun(s) around a lot, when did this start?
Did the person(s) who were the object of his discontent call police? What was their response?
Did this happen in fron of his home or part of the common area (e.g. the clubhouse)?
If Lester's done this more than once, was anyon targeted in particular (e.g. people of color trying to live while black/Hispanic/Asian, etc. and doing things like delivering mail)?
Did all these people live in the community?
Anyone tell the board - if so, when?
Anyone try talking to him?
anyone talk to Lester's family in hopes they could talk to him?
What do the documents say about establishing or maintaining a nuisance, interfering with a person's right to quiet enjoyment of his/hers/their property (or whatever legalese the lawyers stuck in the CCRs?)
Could the guy be on APS' radar ?
Did he display other signs of trouble (e.g. hoarding)?
Did anyone keep a record of Lester's behavior? (If you were going to try and sue the guy, you need documentation to show it's an ongoing problem, what you did to try and resolve it, ad what the board did or didn't do.)

And so on.

If it is not right do not do it; if it is not true do not say it. Marcus Aurelius
CathyA3 (Ohio)
Posts: 6,299
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By ElleN on 05/01/2024 10:07 AM
Posted By CathyA3 on 05/01/2024 9:37 AM
Re: "on information and belief" -

A lawyer was recently reviewing a legal filing where the plaintiff submitted a long list of "information and belief" claims. Do they not understand, asked the lawyer, that information and belief is not factual information and that you can't "information and belief" your way to a valid cause of action?
Sure you can, at least initially. It is a common phrase in initial court filings. On the other hand, as we saw in some of the suits thrown out c. 2020, alleging fraud in the election, there has to be some basis for the allegations. Else yes, I agree the court could sanction the attorneys for frivolity.

Sometimes the plaintiffs do not want to show too much of their hand. It's more productive to get into discovery and see if people can be caught in a lie, for example.

Yes, it is - but not for that particular lawsuit. In that case the "information" is entirely hypothetical, mostly speculation about the defendant's alleged motivations. There's no there there. The lawsuit has been the source of much mirth in certain circles.
DeanJ
Posts: 1,786
Posted:
It’s an insurance shake down by the plaintiff attorney will full knowledge the HOA has no liability. The HOA’s insurance will probably settle vs spending funds defending.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By DeanJ on 05/01/2024 1:14 PM
The HOA’s insurance will probably settle vs spending funds defending.
Depends on whether the HOA insurance policy has a hammer clause. If no hammer clause, the HOA has to consent to a settlement.

Even if there is a hammer clause, the insurer might say, "Settling opens the door to further unfounded litigation. See ya in court, Plaintiff's attorneys."

Everything here depends on the facts.

I keep in mind that the plaintiff's attorney has already made more than one demand upon the HOA, well before filing suit. Either the board or the insurer or both at present have dug in.
LetA (Nevada)
Posts: 2,679
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By DeanJ on 05/01/2024 1:14 PM
It’s an insurance shake down by the plaintiff attorney will full knowledge the HOA has no liability. The HOA’s insurance will probably settle vs spending funds defending.

I hope not, this will only encourage more shakedowns and lead insurance carriers to just roll over. We badly need tort reform in the USA.
ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
The association in question was established in 1960 as a nonprofit corporation. It is up-to-date with its annual registration report to the Missouri Secretary of State. The 2023 registration report names three directors and two officers (five different people all together, at present). It appears some of these directors/officers have been serving for over 20 years. The association is responsible for the roads, including snow removal; certain landscaping; and more.

I expect the association has significant liability insurance.

Attached are the 1960 Articles of Incorporation.
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ElleN (Idaho)
Posts: 4,420
Posted:
From Plaintiff Ralph Yarl's attorney, Lee Merritt:

"When Ralph was shot, he ran into the community," Merritt said. "The community went into a lock down system. I wanna know what led to that lock down. Was it related to the HOA policies and practices that led to the delay of Ralph getting the care he needed?"
MelissaP1 (Alabama)
Posts: 13,836
Posted:
That is laughable and a stretch. It is called an active shooter situation. The "policy" is the response and normal training of how to react in one.

Unfortunately I have been in an active shooter situation. Including swat extraction and the national news. We are trained in active shooter reaction. A lockdown is how you react. You either lock down in place, run, or fight last resort.

The judge will toss this out. It is not a policy that is not part of the police procedures.

Former HOA President
CathyA3 (Ohio)
Posts: 6,299
Posted:
We also had an active shooter situation in my area a number of years ago. Police everywhere, including helicopters circling and trying to spot the shooter. People who were in stores were prohibited from leaving, people who were on the streets were sent home or into the nearest store, people who were at home were told to stay there and lock their doors. And of course the media were present at the police staging area down the street, which was in the parking lot of the store where I do my groceries.

What was different in this case is that the shooting victim had already received help - it was the shooter who was trying to get away.

Anyway, as I said, if I hear gunfire and someone comes to my door, I'm thinking that my own life is in danger. I'm not thinking that the victim is looking for help. It's awful that people who need help of any sort often make their situations worse by knocking on a stranger's door. But it's the world we live in now.
CathyA3 (Ohio)
Posts: 6,299
Posted:
And frankly, if the HOA did have policies and procedures dealing with safety situations such as this, I'm impressed. Many HOA and condo boards don't think that far ahead. And more to the point, it's doubtful that the absence of such a policy would have changed the outcome - it certainly would not have changed the victim's injuries.

MelissaP1 (Alabama)
Posts: 13,836
Posted:
A few years ago my co-worker got a call from his wife. She said she had heard someone pounding on their door at later in night. (10 PM). She was home alone and would not answer the door. It turns out this person had gotten stabbed 25 - 30 times! Crawled up to their doorstep to get help. Did not get anyone at the door and went to the neighbors house. I did hear the person survived. Do not know if they caught the stabber.

I don't think a HOA would or could have a policy in place. The general rule of thumb the police will tell you is "Call 911 and WAIT till they come". This isn't a "HOA" rule. This is just a "life" responses. All the HOA could do is tell people to do what the police say to do.

It should be noted that I ran a Neighborhood watch. The police came in to educate us. Which involved the fact that you do NOT use guns or violence if there is a crime. What you use is your phone to call, take pictures, and write down any information. (Description/tag number/tattoos). They in no means request anyone to get involved but to do so from a distance.

Again think they are reaching for straws in this case as it should not be the policy of any HOA to have rules outside of the police requests. Even in our training they tell us do NOT engage with an active shooter. Run and hide. Even when the swat team came and got us out of the office area, we were hiding. My co-worker did pick up something to "fight" with but told her to put it down. It clearly was the swat team...

Former HOA President

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