It may make a difference if this is an HOA or a condo community.
For condos, the rules of thumb is that people have no expectation of privacy when they're on the common elements. In an HOA, it can be difficult for the camera to capture the front porch without also capturing the sidewalk, street, and possibly houses across the street.
There may potentially be issues if the doorbell is capturing conversations and you're in a state that requires
two-party consent.
I haven't heard of any lawsuits over this. But so many people nowadays are aware of Ring doorbells or similar devices that it's not reasonable to expect privacy when you're walking past someone's home. My personal rule of thumb is to assume I may be under surveillance when I'm outside my own four walls. If it isn't doorbells, it's mobile phones - it's the world we live in.