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MichaelS72 (Maryland)
Posts: 3
Posted:
Maryland recently passed legislation (House Bill 107) requiring all Condo and Home Owner Associations to obtain a Reserve Fund Study. Apparently, many of the MD associations are woefully underfunded for Capital Improvements. We are getting ready to engage a contractor to provide a Level 1 study. Any information on your experience with this type of study or how your association handled increasing fees or adding assessments to meet this new challenge would be appreciated.
MichaelT21 (Arkansas)
Posts: 501
Posted:
Well, we have to have a reserve study done in Washington State, and tell homeowners the results, but there is no requirement that we fund it per the recommendations of the study.

I don't know about the Maryland bill, but I wouldn't panic about having to fund your reserve fund unless the law makes you do it. If you are underfunded, you likely can fix that over a number of years.
KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
Are you saying your HOA has no reserve study, MichaelS? Ever?

Whether or not you have one already that might need to be updated, reserve funds are not for "capital improvements," i.e., new components. They are funds to repair and replace existing components.

Aren't developers in MD required to include a preliminary reserve study to get the new project "signed off" by the state?

IMO, it's best to hire a certified reserve study analyst or specialist. A "contractor" might not be the right kind of person.

MichaelS72 (Maryland)
Posts: 3
Posted:
To my knowledge no study was required 25 years ago and the the new legislations give us three years to reach recommended study fund requirements. Looks like we are headed down the Assessment path plus substantial increases in monthly owner fees. It's been my experience that maintenance repair accounts are for routine repairs and Capital repairs/replacement are for end of life cycle items like roofs, parking lot repairs/resurfacing. Generally, expenditures for any common element repair/replacement over say $5,000 could be considered a capital expenditure. We are not talking about additions or enhancement to existing units but maintenance of effort for what is existing. If anyone has recently had a study, were you surprised by the results and how did the community address the required funds to support the study findings?
MichaelT21 (Arkansas)
Posts: 501
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By MichaelS72 on 06/30/2022 2:19 PM
To my knowledge no study was required 25 years ago and the the new legislations give us three years to reach recommended study fund requirements. Looks like we are headed down the Assessment path plus substantial increases in monthly owner fees. It's been my experience that maintenance repair accounts are for routine repairs and Capital repairs/replacement are for end of life cycle items like roofs, parking lot repairs/resurfacing. Generally, expenditures for any common element repair/replacement over say $5,000 could be considered a capital expenditure. We are not talking about additions or enhancement to existing units but maintenance of effort for what is existing. If anyone has recently had a study, were you surprised by the results and how did the community address the required funds to support the study findings?

I just looked at the bill. It's not onerous.

It says that a HOA has 3 years to reach the ANNUAL reserve funding requirements set forth in the study. The reserve study sets annual funding requirements such that the association is fully funded after 30 years. So ours recommends like $40,000 per year in annual reserve contributions. Your HOA would then have 3 years to get up to $40,000 in funding.

It does not require that you have set aside the full replacement cost of your entire building within 3 years. Just that you set aside enough annually that you'd be able to do that in 30 years.
SheliaH (Indiana)
Posts: 6,964
Posted:
I've never heard the term level 1 - there are preliminary studies, studies that include site visits, some that don't and full studies, which include a site visit with an inspection of the components.

If this is your very first study, I'd consider what type of components I have and then talk to the reserve specialist as to what may be most appropriate. If it's been five years or longer since your last full study, start there.

Once you have the information, you can review the recommendations and decide how to proceed. I would suggest you hold a special homeowners meeting with the specialist where he or she could present the finding and people can ask questions. We did this at what was to be our annual meeting this year - didn't make quorum, so we did the presentation anyway for the folks who did show up.

Then take a long, hard look at your budget - if you have expensive replacements on the horizon sooner rather than later, you may need another meeting to tell the homeowners the truth about where you're at and what the board plans to do. Tell them about the new law and remind them of Surfside - part of the reason that happened is because homeowners didn't find reserves properly, and you want to avoid loans and special assessments. Just be honest and provide the data - some still won't like it, but they'll also know the consequences if they do nothing. Not everyone will be able to sell before the cost comes down.

Our board president announced assessments will increase every year for the foreseeable future because we're terribly underfunded. So far, I'm not aware of any pushback - when I was on the board, we warned homeowners this was a possibility and we may still have to have a special assessment.

If it is not right do not do it; if it is not true do not say it. Marcus Aurelius
TimB4 (Tennessee)
Posts: 21,062
Posted:
Michael,

Basically, there are two types of methodology for reserves:

Cash Flow - i.e. money is saved so you have the amount of cash you need when the study says you need it.
This requires less funds to be put aside but my leave you short if something has to be fixed/replaced sooner then expected.

Component Basis - i.e. money is set aside for each component.
This requires more funds to be put aside but can provide a greater financial cushion (as one can borrow from other line items) is something needs replaced sooner then expected.

Personally, I prefer the component method.

See:

Reserve Studies – In a Nutshell from a reserve specialist site

CUTTING THROUGH THE FOG; Cash Flow vs Component Understanding Different Methodologies

An Explanation of
Reserve Study Standards Based on the National Reserve Study Standards (NRSS)
from Community Associations Institute

MichaelS56 (Minnesota)
Posts: 859
Posted:
In the state of Minnesota, we have that requirement already into law, but the short coming of the law is that there is not an agency at the state level, county level, or local level that will make sure that is followed by the condos or HOA's.
MichaelS56 (Minnesota)
Posts: 859
Posted:
In the state of Minnesota, we have that requirement already into law, but the short coming of the law is that there is not an agency at the state level, county level, or local level that will make sure that is followed by the condos or HOA's.
MichaelT21 (Arkansas)
Posts: 501
Posted:
Wow, three Michaels on this thread.

Too bad Michael is not my real name.
KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
Our Studies done by a certified reserve specialist (RS) include several components which show a remaining useful life (RUL) for the repair of a component, say roofs, and different line item to replace same. We have a line item to "reg furbish" our Conference Room and a different one to remodel it. I think you'd see the same for roads and other large $$ components.

As MichaelT notes, your assn. won't have to fully fund your study the first year. The analyst will set up a schedule to get you on the path to healthy reserves over several years if you ask her/him.

We've had the same RS for maybe 5 years, but before that 4 different ones in about 6 years. They all recommend we shoot for 100% funding, but a good chart shows that you Assn's risk of a special assessment isn't huge if you're say 50% funded---may be 12% (can't quite remember). %70-100% funded is very acceptable

A Level 1 study is what our RS calls an onsite visit.

It's very tru that nowadays, lenders are much more interested in healthy reserves than previously.

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