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KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
There have been two recent threads where it seemed relevant, but off topic, to bring up board meetings other than regular meetings as a way to get business done.

In CA, we aren’t supposed to take action without a meeting (AWM) except in emergencies, defined as: “… circumstances that could not have been reasonably foreseen which require immediate attention and possible action by the board…” So what do Boards do if not an emergency, but important?

Boards, perhaps in all states, have choices—usually in the Bylaws— among the kinds of meetings they can hold. “Regular” meetings often are specified in the Bylaws, say quarterly, etc. The board in my HOA holds regular board meetings every month. If the Bylaws don't specify, your state's corporations codes may tell you how many regular meetings to hold each year.

There have been two recent threads where it seemed relevant, but off topic, to bring up convening board meetings other than regular meetings as a way to get business done.

In CA, we aren’t supposed to take action without a meeting (AWM) except in emergencies, defined as: “… circumstances that could not have been reasonably foreseen which require immediate attention and possible action by the board…” So what do Boards do if not an emergency, but important?

Boards, perhaps in all states, have choices—usually in the Bylaws— among the kinds of meetings they can hold. “Regular” meetings are specified in the Bylaws, say quarterly, etc. The Board in my HOA holds regular board meetings every month. If the Bylaws don't specify, your state's corporations codes may tell you how many regular meetings to hold each year.

But what if a matter should be handled between regular board meetings? Your Bylaws might say you can hold a “special meeting” or an “emergency meeting” of the board.” Our Bylaws say that the president or any two directors other than the president may call a special meeting. They must provide 72 hours notice, which must include the agenda (usually one item). The CA HOA lawyers at Davis-Stirling.com suggest such meetings should only be for matters that can’t wait until the regular meeting.

If not in your Bylaws, your corporations code might be similar to CA: Corporations Code §7211. “Board Meetings… (a) Unless otherwise provided in the articles or in the bylaws… (1) Meetings of the board may be called by the chair of the board or the president or any vice president or the secretary or any two directors.”

What about Emergency meetings? Our HOA requirement is the same as for special meetings, but no notice to Owners is required. Who may call the meeting is the same in the Civil Code as for special meetings.

Jeff of TN sees abuses associated with these ways of calling meetings. He wrote on a different thread: “…It’s easy to take advantage of this, two members can simply call meetings whenever they need to vote on something they know they cannot achieve through email votes. Two or three members can control the whole board business if they don’t like the third or 4th and 5th member. Plus if [a director] misses 3 of these meetings, his spot is vacant…”

But I think he’s mistaken. A quorum still must be present to conduct business. If a majority of the Board doesn’t like the reason or thinks it’s frivolous that two directors called a special/emergency meeting, they can decide not to attend. The two, except in a board of 3 has no quorum and can’t decide anything. In a board of three, this duo would prevail anyway.

IF, an HOA’s bylaws say a director’s position is vacant if s/he misses three consecutive meetings, this refers to regular meetings. Many HOAs, including mine don't have such bylaws.

In CA, Jeff, the Davis-Stirling Act, a part of our Civil Code deals with Common Interest Developments, which includes all condos and HOAs. CA also has a body of Corporation Codes that we must adhere to.

JanetB2 (Colorado)
Posts: 4,219
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By KerryL1 on 03/16/2018 5:01 PM
There have been two recent threads where it seemed relevant, but off topic, to bring up board meetings other than regular meetings as a way to get business done.

In CA, we aren’t supposed to take action without a meeting (AWM) except in emergencies, defined as: “… circumstances that could not have been reasonably foreseen which require immediate attention and possible action by the board…” So what do Boards do if not an emergency, but important?

Boards, perhaps in all states, have choices—usually in the Bylaws— among the kinds of meetings they can hold. “Regular” meetings often are specified in the Bylaws, say quarterly, etc. The board in my HOA holds regular board meetings every month. If the Bylaws don't specify, your state's corporations codes may tell you how many regular meetings to hold each year.

There have been two recent threads where it seemed relevant, but off topic, to bring up convening board meetings other than regular meetings as a way to get business done.

In CA, we aren’t supposed to take action without a meeting (AWM) except in emergencies, defined as: “… circumstances that could not have been reasonably foreseen which require immediate attention and possible action by the board…” So what do Boards do if not an emergency, but important?

If it is NOT an emergency you follow your State Statutes and Governing Documents!

Boards, perhaps in all states, have choices—usually in the Bylaws— among the kinds of meetings they can hold. “Regular” meetings are specified in the Bylaws, say quarterly, etc. The Board in my HOA holds regular board meetings every month. If the Bylaws don't specify, your state's corporations codes may tell you how many regular meetings to hold each year.

But what if a matter should be handled between regular board meetings? Your Bylaws might say you can hold a “special meeting” or an “emergency meeting” of the board.” Our Bylaws say that the president or any two directors other than the president may call a special meeting. They must provide 72 hours notice, which must include the agenda (usually one item). The CA HOA lawyers at Davis-Stirling.com suggest such meetings should only be for matters that can’t wait until the regular meeting.

I would agree with your State Statutes.

If not in your Bylaws, your corporations code might be similar to CA: Corporations Code §7211. “Board Meetings… (a) Unless otherwise provided in the articles or in the bylaws… (1) Meetings of the board may be called by the chair of the board or the president or any vice president or the secretary or any two directors.”

What about Emergency meetings? Our HOA requirement is the same as for special meetings, but no notice to Owners is required. Who may call the meeting is the same in the Civil Code as for special meetings.

Sigh ... Yes it is the same as you noted in the State Statute.

Jeff of TN sees abuses associated with these ways of calling meetings. He wrote on a different thread: “…It’s easy to take advantage of this, two members can simply call meetings whenever they need to vote on something they know they cannot achieve through email votes. Two or three members can control the whole board business if they don’t like the third or 4th and 5th member. Plus if [a director] misses 3 of these meetings, his spot is vacant…”

LOL ... Jeff of TN will eventually have his tail end handed to him on a silver platter when they are called out for violating their State Laws:

66-27-408. Meetings.

A meeting of the association must be held at least once each year. Special meetings of the association may be called by the president, a majority of the board of directors or by unit owners having twenty percent (20%), or any lower percentage specified in the bylaws, of the votes in the association. Not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days in advance of any meeting, the secretary or other officer specified in the bylaws shall cause notice to be hand-delivered, sent prepaid by United States mail, by facsimile, electronically, or by other means expressly authorized by the declaration, to the address of each unit or to any other physical or electronic address designated in writing or by electronic means by the unit owner. The notice of any meeting must state the time, place, and method of attendance of or at the meeting and the items on the agenda, including the general nature of any proposed amendment to the declaration or bylaws, any budget changes, and any proposal to remove a director or officer. Notice may be waived in writing signed by all unit owners


But I think he’s mistaken. A quorum still must be present to conduct business. If a majority of the Board doesn’t like the reason or thinks it’s frivolous that two directors called a special/emergency meeting, they can decide not to attend. The two, except in a board of 3 has no quorum and can’t decide anything. In a board of three, this duo would prevail anyway.

IF, an HOA’s bylaws say a director’s position is vacant if s/he misses three consecutive meetings, this refers to regular meetings. Many HOAs, including mine don't have such bylaws.

Have you looked at your State Laws for both HOA and Non-Profit Corporation? Many tend to focus more on their documents and not realize that the State Law can supersede your documents.

In CA, Jeff, the Davis-Stirling Act, a part of our Civil Code deals with Common Interest Developments, which includes all condos and HOAs. CA also has a body of Corporation Codes that we must adhere to.

KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
Looks like you cited TN statutes, yes, Janet? But that citation seems only to be about "Association" meetings, which I take to mean meetings of the members (owners), not board meetings. It's great that you cite state statutes! I know it helps a lot of posters.
JanetB2 (Colorado)
Posts: 4,219
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By KerryL1 on 03/21/2018 5:33 PM
Looks like you cited TN statutes, yes, Janet? But that citation seems only to be about "Association" meetings, which I take to mean meetings of the members (owners), not board meetings. It's great that you cite state statutes! I know it helps a lot of posters.


Yes it is TN statute. The above was for HOA Meetings. In TN the BOD meetings appear to potentially fall under the Non-Profit Corporation statutes if the HOA is filed as such non profit. Those are here:

2014 Tennessee Code
Title 48 - Corporations And Associations
Nonprofit Corporations
Chapter 58 - Directors and Officers
Part 2 - Meetings and Action of Board
§ 48-58-201 - Regular and special meetings.

Universal Citation: TN Code § 48-58-201 (2014)
(a) If the time and place of a directors' meeting is fixed by the bylaws or the board, the meeting is a regular meeting. All other meetings are special meetings.

(b) A board of directors may hold regular or special meetings in or out of this state. Unless the charter or bylaws otherwise provide, special meetings of the board of directors may be called by the presiding officer of the board, the president, or any two (2) directors.

(c) Unless the charter or bylaws provide otherwise, a board may permit any or all directors to participate in a regular or special meeting by, or conduct the meeting through the use of, any means of communication by which all directors participating may simultaneously hear each other during the meeting. A director participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.

2014 Tennessee Code
Title 48 - Corporations And Associations
Nonprofit Corporations
Chapter 58 - Directors and Officers
Part 2 - Meetings and Action of Board
§ 48-58-202 - Action without meeting.

Universal Citation: TN Code § 48-58-202 (2014)
(a) Unless the charter or bylaws provide otherwise, action required or permitted by chapters 51-68 of this title to be taken at a board of directors' meeting may be taken without a meeting. If all directors consent to taking such action without a meeting, the affirmative vote of the number of directors that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting is the act of the board. The action must be evidenced by one (1) or more written consents describing the action taken, signed by each director, and included in the minutes filed with the corporate records reflecting the action taken.

(b) Action taken under this section is effective when the last director signs the consent, unless the consent specifies a different effective date.

(c) A consent signed under this section has the effect of a meeting vote and may be described as such in any document.

2014 Tennessee Code
Title 48 - Corporations And Associations
Nonprofit Corporations
Chapter 58 - Directors and Officers
Part 2 - Meetings and Action of Board
§ 48-58-203 - Notice of meetings.

Universal Citation: TN Code § 48-58-203 (2014)
(a) Unless the charter, bylaws or subsection (c) provide otherwise, regular meetings of the board may be held without notice.

(b) Unless the charter, bylaws or subsection (c) provide otherwise, special meetings of the board must be preceded by at least two (2) days' notice to each director of the date, time, and place, but not the purpose, of the meeting.

(c) In corporations without members, any board action to remove a director or to approve a matter, which would require approval by the members if the corporation had members, shall not be valid unless each director is given at least seven (7) days' written notice that the matter will be voted upon at a directors' meeting or unless notice is waived pursuant to § 48-58-204.

(d) Notice of an adjourned meeting need not be given if the time and place to which the meeting is adjourned are fixed at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken and if the period of adjournment does not exceed one (1) month in any one (1) adjournment.

Being able to back up what I stated via State Statutes is what won me over the new developer’s buyers in my last HOA SNAFU where the developer violated many laws. When the developer would send out an email containing BS ... I responded and could tear them apart via the State Statues and Governing Documents. I finally would have their new owner’s knock on my door asking questions ... and they stated was because I was the only one who could back up what I stated. The new developer went through 3+ attorneys in the around 6 years I lived there, because their attorneys kept digging them holes costing them more money. When it comes to an HOA ... “Knowledge is Power”!!! The more you know regarding your governing documents and State Laws ... the more power you have as a homeowner.
TimB4 (Tennessee)
Posts: 21,059
Posted:
Kerry,

Per our governing documents, the President may call a special meeting of the board with 3 days notice to the Board and the membership.

KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
In my above, Tim, you'll see that in CA and in our bylaws, the president may call a meeting. In CA there must be 4-days posted notice/agenda; for an emergency meeting, no notice is required, but when we rarely have these, we post a notice even if just a few hours before the emergency meeting.
KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
So, Tim, is the president the only director or officer who can call a meeting? What about VA Corp Codes?
RichardP13 (California)
Posts: 3,868
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By KerryL1 on 03/22/2018 10:39 AM
In my above, Tim, you'll see that in CA and in our bylaws, the president may call a meeting. In CA there must be 4-days posted notice/agenda; for an emergency meeting, no notice is required, but when we rarely have these, we post a notice even if just a few hours before the emergency meeting.

Unless otherwise provided in the articles or in the bylaws, board meetings may be called by the chairman or president or any vice president or the secretary or any two directors.
KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
Right, Richard, I cited Corps Code above: "If not in your Bylaws, your corporations code might be similar to CA: Corporations Code §7211. “Board Meetings… (a) Unless otherwise provided in the articles or in the bylaws… (1) Meetings of the board may be called by the chair of the board or the president or any vice president or the secretary or any two directors.”

Don't blame you for missing it given my double post withIN my OP.
TimB4 (Tennessee)
Posts: 21,059
Posted:
Quote:
Posted By KerryL1 on 03/22/2018 4:31 PM
So, Tim, is the president the only director or officer who can call a meeting? What about VA Corp Codes?

I didn't review the corporate or property code.

I didn't go into a lot of detail because I'm really not sure of the purpose of this thread.
Who may call and when they can call will vary by State and governing documents.
KerryL1 (California)
Posts: 14,550
Posted:
I'm sorry, Tim, that I din't make clear the purposes of my post.

Let's take Maryann's case. If she's not mu mistaken, the VP of her Board is spending HOA funds and using other HOA resources without board approve Maryann may wish to call a meet ASAP to stop the bleeding IF she thinks the board will support her.

In Brandy's post, she noted the next regular meeting wouldn't for a long time. She can with another director or officer call a meeting to deal with their problem.

It's very clear to me over time that many posters and so, I assume, readers, aren't aware that it's not only the Board president who can call meetings. Depending on the bylaws and maybe state codes, one or two others may do it. The reasons would be as I stated too much above, to handle business that cannot wait for a regular meeting. Butt it sounds like your Bylaws, Tim, say only the president can call a meeting. Even if you go to state code, they may include the caveat depending on your governing docs.
RichardP13 (California)
Posts: 3,868
Posted:
I found this in an HOA in Virginia. Look familar?

Section 2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be
held when called by the President of the Association, or by any two directors, after not
less than three (3) days notice to each director.

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